Imaging

In the absence of a CT scan, horizontal beam is recommended for accurate assessment of proximal femoral morphology.
Dogs can exhibit unique clinical and radiographic features when treated with bedinvetmab.
Findings emphasize the need for comprehensive morphometric evaluation during preoperative planning to optimize surgical outcomes.
This case highlights that histiocytic sarcomas involving the stifle joint closely resemble other intra-articular neoplastic and chronic inflammatory conditions.